Pharmacodynamics
Anxiolytic and sedative, histamine H1 receptor blocker, piperazine derivative. It has moderate m-anticholinergic activity. It has an antiemetic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
It has a high absorption. Cmax after oral administration is achieved after 2 hours; T1 / 2 in adults is 12-20 hours, in children - 7 hours. Metabolites are found in breast milk.
Contraindications
Porphyria, benign prostatic hyperplasia, angle-closure glaucoma, congenital or acquired prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG (including a history), risk factors for the development of a prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG (including in the presence of cardiovascular diseases), pronounced electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia), cases of sudden cardiac death in a family history, severe bradycardia, concomitant use of drugs that can cause prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG and / or cause ventricular arrhythmias such as pirouette, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, and increased sensitivity to hydroxyzine.
Pregnancy and lactation
Hydroxyzine is contraindicated in pregnancy, during childbirth, during breastfeeding.
Side effects
From the side of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: drowsiness, increased fatigue, tremors, cramps, headache, dizziness, ataxia, weakness.
From the side of the organ of vision: acute glaucoma, impaired accommodation.
From the urinary system: acute urinary retention.
From the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, decreased blood pressure.
From the digestive system: dry mouth, constipation, increased transaminase activity.
Other: bronchospasm, allergic reactions, excessive sweating.
Interaction
With the simultaneous use of hydroxyzine enhances the effects of analgesics, anxiolytics, barbiturates, ethanol.
Dosage and administration
The method of application and the dosage regimen of a particular drug depends on its form of release and other factors. The optimal dosage regimen is determined by the doctor. The compliance of the dosage form of a particular preparation with the indications for use and the dosage regimen should be strictly observed.
For oral administration, a single dose for adults varies from 25 mg to 100 mg; the frequency of administration, depending on the indications, is 1-4 times / day.
To quickly achieve a therapeutic effect, a solution of hydroxyzine is administered deeply in oil at a dose of 50-100 mg; then you can enter with an interval of 4-6 hours.
Special instructions
Use with caution in patients with renal failure, myasthenia gravis, difficulty urinating, constipation, dementia, a tendency to convulsive seizures, arrhythmias or taking antiarrhythmic drugs, with impaired liver and / or kidney function.
With subcutaneous administration of hydroxyzine, tissue damage is possible, with iv administration, hemolysis is possible.
If it is necessary to carry out allergological tests, hydroxyzine should be discontinued 5 days before the study.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms
During therapy, it is necessary to refrain from engaging in potentially hazardous activities that require increased attention and rapid psychomotor reactions.
